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Shaping resilient flood control system design through net present value assessments.

Ghazi Al-Rawas1, Mohammad Reza Nikoo1, Mohammad Reza Hassani1

  • 1Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.

Plos One
|September 9, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study integrates hydrological resilience and cost-benefit analysis to optimize flood control systems (FCSs). The optimal design balances costs and resilience, significantly reducing flood volume and enhancing long-term economic viability.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Water Resource Management
  • Urban Planning

Background:

  • Designing sustainable Flood Control Systems (FCSs) necessitates balancing system resilience with investment viability.
  • Regions like North Al-Batinah, Oman, face extreme flood events, demanding effective management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To integrate hydrological resilience and cost-benefit analysis for designing optimal FCS networks.
  • To identify flood management scenarios that balance implementation costs, system resilience, and overflow reduction.

Main Methods:

  • Developed the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) for flood simulation.
  • Coupled SWMM with the Pareto Envelope-based Selection Algorithm-II (PESA-II) for multi-objective optimization.
  • Evaluated long-term economic viability using Net Present Values (NPVs).

Main Results:

  • Optimization identified non-dominated solutions balancing costs, resilience (SUFRI), and overflow.
  • Flood management scenarios in North Al-Batinah demonstrated high resilience and reduced overflow at reasonable costs.
  • Strategies with moderate costs and higher SUFRI values offered optimal financial returns and flood risk reduction.

Conclusions:

  • Optimization is crucial for resolving conflicting objectives in FCS design.
  • Integrating resilience and cost-benefit analysis enhances FCS design and decision-making.
  • The selected NPV-based alternative reduced flood volume by 77.9%.