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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Types of RNA01:20

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Types of RNA01:23

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Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Cis-regulatory Sequences02:02

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Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
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Regulatory Non-Coding RNAs: An Overview.

Camille Virciglio1, Yoann Abel2, Mathieu Rederstorff3

  • 1Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, F-54000 Nancy, France.

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|April 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Technological advances drive the discovery of novel small regulatory non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). This review highlights key ncRNA families and their functions, from tRNAs to recent discoveries.

Keywords:
ceRNAcircRNAeRNAmiRNApiRNArRNAsnRNsnoRNAtRNAtiRNA

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • RNA Biology

Background:

  • The identification of novel non-coding RNA (ncRNA) classes is historically linked to technological advancements.
  • Transcriptomics has been pivotal in expanding the catalog of known ncRNAs.
  • Understanding regulatory ncRNAs is crucial in molecular biology.

Observation:

  • Early discoveries include transfer RNAs (tRNAs).
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represented a revolutionary advancement in ncRNA research.
  • Recent progress includes the identification of enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) and new functions for known ncRNAs.

Findings:

  • This review offers a concise historical overview of prominent small regulatory ncRNA families.
  • It details the functional significance of various ncRNA classes.
  • The continuous evolution of transcriptomic technologies fuels ongoing ncRNA discovery.

Implications:

  • Technological progress in transcriptomics is essential for future ncRNA discoveries.
  • Understanding diverse ncRNA families enhances our knowledge of gene regulation.
  • This overview serves as a foundation for further research into ncRNA functions and applications.