Combining brain perturbation and neuroimaging in non-human primates

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Primate Research
• Brain Stimulation

Background:

• Brain perturbation studies enable causal inferences in behavioral and neural processes.
• Human research is limited by challenges in combining perturbation and measurement techniques.
• Non-human primates offer a tractable model for studying brain perturbation impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review state-of-the-art brain perturbation methods in non-human primates.
• To focus on techniques compatible with neuroimaging.
• To provide considerations for researchers and identify future directions.

Main Methods:

• Review of non-reversible (lesions) and reversible/temporary perturbation methods.
• Inclusion of electrical, pharmacological, optical, optogenetic, chemogenetic, pathway-selective, and ultrasound interference.
• Focus on methods suitable for combination with neuroimaging.

Main Results:

• Comprehensive overview of current non-human primate brain perturbation techniques.
• Discussion of method-specific considerations for research and development.
• Identification of novel research avenues and clinical translational potential.

Conclusions:

• Non-human primate models are vital for advancing brain perturbation research.
• Integration of diverse perturbation methods with neuroimaging is key.
• These techniques hold significant promise for future neuroscience innovation and clinical translation.