Biomarker-Oriented Therapy in Bladder and Renal Cancer.

Area of Science:

• Uro-oncology
• Medical oncology
• Translational research

Background:

• Treatment landscapes for urothelial carcinoma (UC) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have evolved significantly.
• Biomarker-directed therapies, including immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitors, are under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current and emerging therapeutic strategies for urothelial carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma.
• To highlight the role of biomarkers in guiding treatment decisions.

Main Methods:

• Review of recent clinical trials and therapeutic advancements.
• Analysis of treatment guidelines and emerging therapies for UC and RCC.

Main Results:

• Immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) is established in metastatic UC (mUC) and metastatic RCC (mRCC).
• Targeted therapies like erdafitinib (for FGFR mutations) and enfortumab vedotin show promise in mUC.
• Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) response prediction and adjuvant treatments for non-metastatic RCC are active research areas.

Conclusions:

• Biomarker-driven approaches are revolutionizing UC and RCC treatment.
• ICI and targeted therapies offer new hope for patients with advanced disease.
• Ongoing research aims to optimize treatment sequencing and explore adjuvant strategies.