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Related Concept Videos

Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

2.7K
The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
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Kinematic Comparison between Medially Congruent and Posterior-Stabilized Third-Generation TKA Designs.

Stefano Ghirardelli1, Jessica L Asay1, Erika A Leonardi1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, The Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health Care System (PAVAHCS), Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.

Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology
|April 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Modern total knee arthroplasty (TKA) designs show differences in knee function. Medially congruent (MC) knees better replicate natural knee motion at heel-strike and rotation, while posterior-stabilized (PS) knees offer improved mid-flexion kinematics.

Keywords:
MCPSTKAbiomechanicsgaitkinematickneemedial pivotposterior-stabilizedtotal knee arthroplasty

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Biomechanics
  • Biomedical engineering

Background:

  • Comparison of medially congruent (MC) and posterior-stabilized (PS) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) designs.
  • Evaluation of knee kinematics in patients with successful clinical outcomes post-TKA.
  • Assessment of modern TKA designs' ability to replicate natural knee function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare knee kinematics between MC and PS TKA groups.
  • To identify differences in specific kinematic parameters.
  • To evaluate the reproduction of normal knee function by modern TKA designs.

Main Methods:

  • 3D knee kinematics analysis using a multicamera optoelectronic system and force platform.
  • Evaluation of ten TKA patients (4 PS, 6 MC) with successful outcomes.
  • Measurement of knee flexion, adduction, and rotation angles during walking, compared to healthy controls.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in walking speed between MC and PS groups.
  • PS group exhibited greater knee flexion at heel-strike and higher peak midstance knee flexion.
  • PS group showed increased knee adduction fluctuations and higher peak knee flexion moments compared to MC.
  • MC group demonstrated less peak internal rotation moments than the PS group.

Conclusions:

  • Modern third-generation TKA designs do not fully restore normal knee kinematics.
  • MC knees demonstrated a more natural kinematic pattern during heel-strike and axial rotation.
  • PS knees showed improved kinematics during the mid-flexion phase of the gait cycle.