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The PARP Way to Epigenetic Changes
Simone Ummarino1,2, Clinton Hausman2, Annalisa Di Ruscio2,3,4
1Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Abstract:
ADP-ribosylation, is a reversible post-translational modification implicated in major biological functions. Poly ADP-ribose polymerases (PARP) are specialized enzymes that catalyze the addition of ADP ribose units from "nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-donor molecules" to their target substrates. This reaction known as PARylation modulates essential cellular processes including DNA damage response, chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation and gene expression. Herein, we discuss emerging roles of PARP1 in chromatin remodeling and epigenetic regulation, focusing on its therapeutic implications for cancer treatment and beyond.
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