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Can Cranberry Juice Protect against Rotenone-Induced Toxicity in Rats?

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Cranberry juice (CJ) partially protected against rotenone (ROT)-induced toxicity, reducing DNA damage in multiple organs. While ROT caused oxidative stress in the brain, CJ

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Toxicology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Cranberry's high polyphenol content confers potent antioxidant activity, linked to health benefits.
  • Rotenone (ROT), a mitochondrial complex I inhibitor, induces oxidative stress primarily in the brain.
  • Emerging evidence suggests ROT toxicity may extend beyond the brain to other organs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of cranberry juice (CJ) to counteract ROT-induced oxidative stress.
  • To assess CJ's protective effects in the brain, liver, and kidney.
  • To evaluate ROT's systemic toxicity and CJ's mitigating influence on antioxidant status.

Main Methods:

  • Wistar rats were administered ROT and CJ concurrently for 35 days.
  • Antioxidant status parameters were measured in various organs and leukocytes.
  • Lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and serum hepatic enzyme activity were assessed.

Main Results:

  • ROT induced lipid peroxidation exclusively in the brain.
  • DNA damage increased in all examined organs and leukocytes following ROT exposure.
  • CJ demonstrated a protective effect against ROT-induced toxicity, particularly in the brain, and reduced serum hepatic enzymes.

Conclusions:

  • Rotenone causes oxidative damage not only in the brain but also in other organs.
  • Cranberry juice exhibits a protective effect against rotenone-induced toxicity.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the full scope of CJ's protective mechanisms against xenobiotic-induced oxidative stress.