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Lab-Based Evaluation of Device-Free Passive Localization Using Multipath Channel Information.

Jonas Ninnemann¹, Paul Schwarzbach¹, Andrea Jung¹

¹Institute of Traffic Telematics, Dresden University of Technology, 01069 Dresden, Germany.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|April 3, 2021

Summary

This study introduces a passive localization method using Ultra-Wide Band sensors and Channel Impulse Responses. It enables environmental mapping and robust object positioning without active device participation.

Keywords:

Channel Impulse Response Environmental Mapping (CIR-EM)Device-Free Passive Localization (DFPL)Ultra-Wide Band (UWB)Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)

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Area of Science:

Electrical Engineering
Computer Science
Signal Processing

Background:

Internet of Things (IoT) enables smart applications and location-based services.
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) commonly use transponder-based localization.
Passive localization offers enhanced WSN capabilities by interpreting wireless signal measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a passive localization method for objects within WSNs.
To introduce a Channel Impulse Response (CIR) environmental mapping (CIR-EM) technique.
To demonstrate proof-of-concept for passive localization using radio communication signals.

Main Methods:

Utilized Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) sensors to measure Channel Impulse Responses (CIRs).
Formulated an elliptical model to determine object positions based on CIRs.
Developed the CIR environmental mapping (CIR-EM) method for heatmap generation.

Main Results:

Achieved passive localization solely based on evaluating radio communication signals.
Demonstrated robust localization capabilities compared to state-of-the-art methods.
Investigated physical layer limitations with non-dedicated hardware and signals.

Conclusions:

The CIR-EM method provides imaging capabilities and robust localization.
This work lays a foundation for passive localization research in application-oriented scenarios.
Passive localization using UWB CIRs is feasible, with limitations identified.