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A Novel Evaluation Method for Detecting Defects of the Bonded Orthodontic Bracket-Tooth Interface.

Mona Aly Abbassy1,2, Turki A Bakhsh3, Ahmed Samir Bakry3,4

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Optical coherence tomography effectively detects defects between ceramic brackets and enamel. Bonding to dry enamel surfaces enhances bracket adhesion and reduces nanoleakage, improving orthodontic treatment outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Dental materials science
  • Biomaterials engineering
  • Orthodontic research

Background:

  • Orthodontic patients face increased risk of dental caries.
  • Interfacial defects between brackets and enamel can compromise treatment.
  • Novel diagnostic methods are needed to assess bond integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate optical coherence tomography (OCT) for detecting interfacial defects between ceramic brackets and enamel.
  • To compare the nanoleakage expression and bond strength of different bonding agents and conditions.
  • To assess the influence of enamel surface moisture on bracket adhesion.

Main Methods:

  • Ceramic brackets were bonded to human premolar enamel using Transbond XT primer or moisture insensitive primer (MIP) on dry or moist surfaces.
  • Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to examine interfacial defects.
  • Nanoleakage was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS).
  • Bond strength was measured by debonding forces.
  • Degree of conversion was assessed using FTIR/ATR.

Main Results:

  • OCT successfully detected interfacial defects between ceramic brackets and tooth structure.
  • Bonding to dry enamel surfaces (Transbond XT primer and MIP) resulted in significantly higher bond strength and less nanoleakage compared to bonding to moist enamel with MIP.
  • The (XTD) and (MIPD) groups showed superior performance over the (MIPW) group (p > 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Optical coherence tomography is a viable clinical tool for detecting interfacial adhesive-tooth defects.
  • Dry enamel surfaces significantly improve the quality of the enamel/primer interface, leading to better bond strength and reduced nanoleakage.
  • These findings have implications for optimizing bonding procedures in orthodontics to minimize caries risk.