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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure Drugs: β-Blockers01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: β-Blockers

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β-adrenergic antagonists, commonly known as β-blockers, block the effects of sympathetic neurotransmitters such as noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (ADR). They have several beneficial effects in heart failure treatment. They reduce heart rate, the force of contraction, and cardiac muscle relaxation. They also slow the atrial-ventricular conduction rate and raise the threshold for arrhythmias. The concentration of β-blockers determines their effects on bronchodilation,...
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Adrenergic Antagonists: Pharmacological Actions of β-Receptor Blockers01:27

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β-receptor blockers significantly impact the cardiovascular system by counteracting catecholamine-induced sympathetic responses. These medications decrease heart rate, contractility, and cardiac output, potentially leading to cardiac depression, life-threatening bradycardia, and death. Therapeutically, β-blockers function as mild antihypertensives and are utilized in treating angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmias. However, nonselective β-blockers inhibit β2-receptors in...
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Third-generation β-blockers, such as labetalol and carvedilol, represent a significant advancement in managing cardiovascular conditions. Unlike conventional β-blockers, which can induce peripheral vasoconstriction, third-generation drugs block α1 adrenoceptors. This promotes vasodilation through several mechanisms, such as increased nitric oxide production, inhibition of calcium ion entry, opening of potassium ion channels, and antioxidant action. Labetalol, for instance, is...
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Anxiolytic Drugs: Overview01:26

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Anxiolytic drugs are vital in managing anxiety disorders by effectively alleviating symptoms such as excessive fear, tachycardia, and tremors. There are several classes of anxiolytic medications, each with unique mechanisms of action and potential side effects.
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β1-receptors are primarily located in the heart and kidneys. In cardiac myocytes, these receptors interact with neurotransmitters released by the sympathetic nervous system during heightened activity or danger. As a result, β1-receptors get activated, initiating a series of biochemical processes. Excessive activation of beta receptors due to chronic stress can abnormally increase heart rate and contractility, resulting in high blood pressure or hypertension. To counteract this,...
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Antihypertensive Drugs: Types of β-Blockers01:28

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β receptors are classified into three subclasses: β1, β2, and β3. β1 receptors are primarily located in the heart and kidneys. When they get activated, they increase heart rate, contractility, and renin release. This process enhances blood pressure and aids in stress management. In contrast, β2 receptors are situated mainly in the lungs, blood vessels, and skeletal muscles. Upon activation, they trigger smooth muscle relaxation, causing bronchodilation and...
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Related Experiment Video

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β-Blocker-Induced Tremor.

Duha M Al-Shorafat1, Suvorit Bhowmick1, Alberto J Espay2

  • 1The Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada.

Movement Disorders Clinical Practice
|April 5, 2021
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Summary

Beta-blockers with partial agonist activity can worsen tremor. This study reports two cases where pindolol and labetalol induced or exacerbated tremor, highlighting a potential side effect of these medications.

Keywords:
Beta blockersintrinsic sympathomimetic activitylabetalolpindololtremor

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Neurology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Beta-blockers are common tremor treatments.
  • Beta-blockers with partial beta-agonist activity may paradoxically worsen tremor.
  • This study investigates this potential adverse effect.

Observation:

  • A 38-year-old man experienced worsening upper extremity tremor after starting pindolol for depression.
  • A 77-year-old woman developed new bilateral hand tremor while taking labetalol for hypertension.
  • Both patients showed tremor improvement after medication discontinuation.

Findings:

  • Beta-blockers possessing partial beta-agonist activity can induce or exacerbate tremor.
  • Pindolol and labetalol were implicated in the observed tremor.
  • Cessation of these agents led to tremor attenuation.

Implications:

  • Clinicians should consider the potential for tremor induction by certain beta-blockers.
  • Patients experiencing new or worsening tremor while on these medications should be evaluated.
  • This highlights the importance of medication review in tremor management.