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Senescence in tissue samples of humans with age-related diseases: A systematic review
Camilla S L Tuttle1, Suzanne W M Luesken2, Mariette E C Waaijer3
1Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, 300 Grattan Street, Parkville, 3050, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Quantitative Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Background:
Higher numbers of senescent cells have been implicated in age-related disease pathologies. However, whether different diseases have different senescent phenotypes is unknown. Here we provide a systematic overview of the current available evidence of senescent cells in age-related diseases pathologies in humans and the markers currently used to detect senescence levels in humans.
Methods:
PubMed, Web of Science and EMBASE were systematically searched from inception to the 29th of September 2019, using keywords related to 'senescence', 'age-related diseases' and 'biopsies'.
Results:
In total 12,590 articles were retrieved of which 103 articles were included in this review. The role of senescence in age-related disease has been assessed in 9 different human organ system and 27 different age-related diseases of which heart (27/103) and the respiratory systems (18/103) are the most investigated. Overall, 27 different markers of senescence have been used to determine cellular senescence and the cell cycle regulator p16ink4a is most often used (23/27 age-related pathologies).
Conclusion:
This review demonstrates that a higher expression of senescence markers are observed within disease pathologies. However, not all markers to detect senescence have been assessed in all tissue types.
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