[Application Progress of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors 
in Oncogene-driven Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer]

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Immunotherapy
• Precision Medicine

Background:

• Targeted therapy has advanced treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with oncogenic drivers.
• Therapeutic resistance to targeted agents is inevitable, limiting treatment options.
• Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) demonstrate long-term survival benefits in some advanced NSCLC patients.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the potential benefits and optimal use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with oncogenic drivers.
• To address the ongoing debates regarding the timing, regimen, and predictive biomarkers for ICI therapy in this specific patient population.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on targeted therapy and immunotherapy in NSCLC.
• Analysis of clinical trial data investigating ICIs in patients with oncogenic drivers.
• Exploration of emerging biomarkers for ICI response.

Main Results:

• Growing evidence suggests ICIs can benefit NSCLC patients with oncogenic drivers.
• The efficacy of ICIs in this population is influenced by factors such as specific driver mutations and prior therapies.
• Predictive biomarkers for ICI response in driver-mutated NSCLC are still under investigation.

Conclusions:

• Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) represent a promising therapeutic avenue for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with oncogenic drivers, particularly after targeted therapy resistance.
• Further research is crucial to define optimal ICI strategies, including timing, combination regimens, and reliable predictive biomarkers, to maximize patient benefit.