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Related Concept Videos

Development of the Lymphatic System01:15

Development of the Lymphatic System

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The development of lymphatic tissues and vessels in embryonic life begins around the fifth week. These structures originate from the mesoderm layer, with lymph sacs emerging from developing veins.
The first lymph sacs to form are the paired jugular lymph sacs located at the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins. From these sacs, lymphatic capillary plexuses extend to the thorax, upper limbs, neck, and head, eventually forming lymphatic vessels. Each jugular lymph sac maintains a...
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Mechanism of Angiogenesis01:10

Mechanism of Angiogenesis

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Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
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Lymphatic Vessels and Lymph Transport01:16

Lymphatic Vessels and Lymph Transport

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Lymphatic vessels, known as lymphatics, are crucial in transporting lymph from peripheral tissues to our venous system. This process begins with lymph entering through tiny capillaries that branch through tissues. These capillaries have unique features such as larger diameters, thinner walls, and a distinctive one-way valve system formed by overlapping endothelial cells.
This one-way system allows fluids, solutes, and even pathogens to enter but prevents their return to the intercellular...
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Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes01:23

Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes

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Lymph nodes are bean-shaped structures that cluster along the lymphatic vessels in the inguinal, axillary, and cervical regions. Each node is divided into compartments by a capsule that extends trabeculae inward.
From a histological perspective, lymph nodes can be split into two main areas: the superficial cortex and the deep medulla. The outer cortex is populated by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B lymphocytes, which are densely packed into follicles. When these B-lymphocytes are presented...
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Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

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Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
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Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation01:31

Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation

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Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Isolation of Human Lymphatic Endothelial Cells by Multi-parameter Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting
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Isolation of Human Lymphatic Endothelial Cells by Multi-parameter Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting

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Network patterning, morphogenesis and growth in lymphatic vascular development.

Lin Grimm1, Benjamin M Hogan2

  • 1Organogenesis and Cancer Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Current Topics in Developmental Biology
|April 6, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The lymphatic vasculature develops from blood vessels in early embryos. This chapter reviews progress on lymphatic endothelial cell migration, proliferation, and network formation for fluid balance and immunity.

Keywords:
LymphangiogenesisLymphatic vesselLymphaticsMorphogenesisVascularVegfVegfr

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Last Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Isolation of Human Lymphatic Endothelial Cells by Multi-parameter Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting
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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Vascular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • The lymphatic vasculature is crucial for fluid homeostasis, lipid absorption, and immune responses in vertebrates.
  • Its development originates from specific blood vascular endothelial cells in early embryos.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent research on lymphatic vasculature development.
  • To focus on lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) migration, lineage expansion, and network morphogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature and research findings.
  • Focus on cellular cross-talk and signaling pathways involved in lymphatic development.

Main Results:

  • New findings highlight critical processes in LEC migration and guidance.
  • Research progress covers LEC lineage expansion and coordinated network remodeling.
  • Understanding of morphogenesis in lymphatic vasculature development is advancing.

Conclusions:

  • Coordinated cellular communication and signaling are essential for lymphatic vascular network formation.
  • Continued research is vital for understanding the complex processes of lymphatic development and its functions.