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Livestock Manure Type Affects Microbial Community Composition and Assembly During Composting.

Jinxin Wan1, Xiaofang Wang1, Tianjie Yang1

  • 1Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.

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Summary

Livestock feeding habits, specifically herbivore vs. omnivore manure, predictably alter compost physicochemical and microbial properties. This understanding can guide composting process management for optimal organic fertilizer production.

Keywords:
compostingfeeding habitlivestock manuresmicrobial communityphysicochemical properties

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Microbiology
  • Soil Science

Background:

  • Composting converts waste into valuable organic fertilizers.
  • The impact of livestock manure source on compost properties remains incompletely understood.
  • Investigating manure type effects is crucial for optimizing composting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally assess how herbivore (sheep, cattle) and omnivore (pig, chicken) manure influence compost physicochemical and microbial characteristics.
  • To determine if livestock feeding habits predict compost outcomes.
  • To explore the potential of manure metataxonomy for composting process management.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental composting of sheep, cattle, pig, and chicken manure.
  • Analysis of physicochemical properties (pH, EC, N, P, C, C/N).
  • Metataxonomic profiling of bacterial and fungal communities.

Main Results:

  • Herbivore manure composts showed higher pH, NO3-N, Total Carbon (TC), and C/N ratios.
  • Omnivore manure composts exhibited higher EC, NH4-N, Total Nitrogen (TN), and Total Phosphorus (TP).
  • Distinct microbial community clustering based on herbivore/omnivore origin was observed, with Proteobacteria/Chloroflexi dominating herbivore composts and Firmicutes dominating omnivore composts.

Conclusions:

  • Livestock feeding habits significantly influence manure biochemical and biological properties.
  • These properties predictably affect microbial community composition and assembly during composting.
  • Manure metataxonomy profiles offer potential for managing and steering composting processes.