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Endogenous opiates and behavior: 2019.

Richard J Bodnar1

  • 1Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY, 11367, United States.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers 2019 research on the endogenous opioid system, detailing how manipulating opioid peptides and receptors affects behavior. It explores opioids

Keywords:
Beta-endorphinDelta opioid receptorDynorphinEndomorphinsEnkephalinsKappa opioid receptorMorphineMu opioid receptorNociceptinOrphan-like receptor

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience and Pharmacology
  • Endocrinology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • The endogenous opioid system plays a crucial role in various physiological and behavioral processes.
  • Annual reviews are essential for synthesizing the rapidly evolving research in this field.
  • Understanding opioid system function is key to developing effective treatments for pain, addiction, and neurological disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of research published in 2019 concerning the endogenous opioid system.
  • To summarize studies investigating the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological, and genetic manipulations of opioid peptides and receptors.
  • To cover the diverse roles of the opioid system across multiple physiological and psychological domains.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and synthesis of scientific literature published in 2019.
  • Categorization of studies based on specific research topics related to opioid peptides and receptors.
  • Analysis of research involving opioid/opiate agonists and antagonists.

Main Results:

  • The review covers 18 distinct areas, including molecular effects, pain and analgesia, tolerance and dependence, stress, learning, eating, drug abuse, sexual activity, mental illness, neurological disorders, neurophysiology, locomotion, organ functions, cardiovascular responses, respiration, thermoregulation, and immunology.
  • Significant advancements were made in understanding the behavioral consequences of modulating the opioid system.
  • Research highlighted the broad impact of opioid peptides and receptors on diverse biological functions.

Conclusions:

  • The endogenous opioid system is intricately involved in a wide spectrum of behaviors and physiological functions.
  • Continued research is vital for elucidating the complex roles of opioid peptides and receptors.
  • Findings underscore the therapeutic potential of targeting the opioid system for various medical conditions.