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Rolling resistance, also known as rolling friction, is the force that resists the motion of a rolling object, such as a wheel, tire, or ball, when it moves over a surface. It is caused by the deformation of the object and the surface in contact with each other, as well as other factors like internal friction, hysteresis, and energy losses within the materials. Rolling resistance opposes the object's motion, requiring additional energy to overcome it and maintain movement. In practical...
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Consider a lawn roller with a mass of 100 kg, a radius of 0.2 meters, and a radius of gyration of 0.15 meters. A force of 200 N is applied to this roller, angled at 60 degrees from the horizontal plane. What will be the angular acceleration of the lawn roller?
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When a solid cylinder rolls steadily on a rigid surface, the normal force applied by the surface on the cylinder is perpendicular to the tangent at the contact point. However, since no materials are entirely rigid, the surface's reaction to the cylinder involves a range of normal pressures.
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A Modeling and Simulation Method for Preliminary Design of an Electro-Variable Displacement Pump
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Simplifying Johanson's roller compaction model to build a "Virtual Roller Compactor" as a predictive tool - Theory

Chi So1, Lap Y Leung1, Ariel R Muliadi1

  • 1Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics
|April 11, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A new virtual roller compactor predicts pharmaceutical roller compaction performance. The simplified model accurately forecasts roll force and ribbon density, reducing material needs for formulation development.

Keywords:
Johanson’s modelPredictive toolRibbon solid fractionRoll forceRoller compactionScale-up

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Process Modeling

Background:

  • Roller compaction is crucial for pharmaceutical manufacturing.
  • Predicting roll force (RF) and ribbon density is challenging.
  • Existing models often require extensive material characterization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Develop a "virtual roller compactor" predictive tool.
  • Assess the roll force (RF)-maximum pressure (Pmax) and RF-ribbon density relationship.
  • Simplify existing models for pharmaceutical roller compaction.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis to identify a critical nip angle.
  • Experimental validation using manufacturing-scale roller compaction.
  • Development of a user-friendly graphical interface based on a simplified model.

Main Results:

  • A critical nip angle exists, simplifying the RF-Pmax relationship beyond it.
  • A simplified, friction angle-free model shows good predictive performance.
  • The virtual roller compactor tool demonstrates ease-of-use and accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • The simplified model effectively predicts pharmaceutical roller compaction.
  • The virtual roller compactor is a valuable tool for formulation development and scale-up.
  • Reduced material demand and improved prediction enhance process efficiency.