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Is viral coinfection a risk factor for severe lower respiratory tract infection? A retrospective observational study

Aykut Eşki1, Gökçen Kartal Öztürk2, Candan Çiçek3

  • 1Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Gazi Yaşargil Gynecology, Child Health, and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Diyarbakır, Turkey.

Pediatric Pulmonology
|April 13, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Viral coinfection in children increases the risk of severe lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) and intensive care unit (ICU) admission. This finding highlights the importance of identifying multiple viral pathogens in pediatric LRTI cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Respiratory virology

Background:

  • Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) are a common cause of pediatric hospitalizations.
  • Viral infections are the primary cause of LRTI in children.
  • The impact of viral coinfection on LRTI severity requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between viral coinfection and the risk of severe lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in hospitalized children.
  • To determine if viral coinfection is a risk factor for increased disease severity, including intensive care unit (ICU) admission.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, observational study conducted over a 10-year period.
  • Inclusion criteria: children aged 1–60 months hospitalized with LRTI.
  • Analysis focused on comparing outcomes between children with single viral infections and those with viral coinfections.

Main Results:

  • Children diagnosed with viral coinfection exhibited a significantly higher risk of requiring admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) compared to children with single viral infections.
  • Viral coinfection was associated with increased severity of LRTI.

Conclusions:

  • Viral coinfection represents a significant risk factor for severe lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in young children.
  • Identifying and managing viral coinfections are crucial for improving outcomes in pediatric LRTI patients and reducing ICU admissions.
Abstract

Keywords:
influenza virusintensive care unitlower respiratory tract infectionrespiratory syncytial virusrhinovirus

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