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Spontaneous and Evoked Measures of Pain in Murine Models of Monoarticular Knee Pain
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Persistent Joint Pain Following Arthropod Virus Infections
Karol Suchowiecki1, St Patrick Reid2, Gary L Simon1
1Department of Medicine, George Washington University, 2150 Pennsylvania Ave Suite 5-416, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
Current Rheumatology Reports
|April 13, 2021
Summary
Arthritogenic alphavirus infections cause persistent joint pain and disability. New diagnostics and treatments are needed to understand and manage these debilitating rheumatic symptoms effectively.
Area of Science:
- Medical Microbiology
- Virology
- Rheumatology
Background:
- Alphaviruses are re-emerging globally, causing increased instances of virus-induced arthralgia and arthritis.
- Alphavirus infections, including Chikungunya and Ross River virus, are linked to acute and chronic rheumatic conditions.
- Persistent joint pain following alphavirus infection can lead to long-term disability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of arthritogenic alphavirus infections.
- To highlight recent advancements in understanding alphavirus-induced joint pain.
- To identify areas for improved patient outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of epidemiological data.
- Analysis of pathophysiological mechanisms of alphavirus infection.
- Evaluation of current diagnostic and management strategies.
Main Results:
- Identification of Mxra8 as a key viral entry receptor offers potential therapeutic targets.
- Evidence suggests viruses may not persist in synovial fluid during chronic chikungunya infection, allowing for safe immunomodulator use.
- The precise etiology of persistent joint pain remains poorly understood.
Conclusions:
- Improved diagnostic tools and evidence-based treatments are crucial for reducing morbidity.
- Further research into the mechanisms of chronic joint pain is warranted.
- Targeting viral entry pathways and understanding immune responses are key to managing alphavirus-induced rheumatic diseases.
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