Tentacle-type poly(hydroxamic acid)-modified macroporous cellulose beads: Synthesis, characterization, and...

Herein, a facile yet efficient template method to fabricate macroporous cellulose beads (MCBs) is reported. In this method, micro-size CaCO₃ is utilized to create macroporous structure for fast mass transfer, and tentacle-type poly(hydroxamic acid) as adsorption ligand is immobilized on the MCBs to improve adsorption capacity. The obtained tentacle-type poly(hydroxamic acid)-modified MCMs (TP-CMCBs) show uniform spherical shape (about 80 μm), bimodal pore system (macropores≈3.0 μm; diffusional pores≈14.5 nm), and high specific surface area (52.7 m²/g). The adsorption performance of TP-CMCBs is evaluated by heavy metal ions adsorption. TP-CMCBs exhibit not only high adsorption capacities (342.5, 261.5 and 243.2 mg/g for Cu²⁺, Mn²⁺ and Ni²⁺, respectively.), but also fast adsorption rate (>70% of its equilibrium uptake within 30 min). Additionally, TP-CMCBs have excellent reusability, as evidenced by that the adsorption capacities have no obvious change even after five-time consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles. All results demonstrate that the proposed TP-CMCBs have great potential in removal of heavy metal ions.