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Precisely spun super rotors.

Ivan O Antonov1, Patrick R Stollenwerk1, Sruthi Venkataramanababu2

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Researchers optically pumped silicon monoxide ions (SiO+) into highly excited rotational states, creating "super rotors." This technique enabled spectroscopy of new electronic states and probing of molecular structure at extreme bond lengths.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics and molecular physics
  • Precision measurement and quantum information science

Background:

  • Optical control of molecular quantum states is crucial for quantum chemistry, fundamental physics tests, and quantum information processing.
  • While ground state preparation is common, excited molecular states offer unique research opportunities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a broadband optical method for preparing pure ensembles of trapped silicon monoxide ions (SiO+) in highly excited rotational states (super rotors).
  • To utilize these super rotors for novel spectroscopic investigations and probing of molecular structure.

Main Methods:

  • Broadband optical pumping of trapped SiO+ molecules.
  • Preparation of super rotor ensembles with narrow rotational state distributions.
  • Spectroscopic analysis of the SiO+ C2Π state and investigation of centrifugal distortion effects.

Main Results:

  • Achieved pure super rotor ensembles of SiO+ maintained for minutes, pumped to rotational states up to N=67 (equivalent to 9400 K).
  • Observed narrow rotational state spread in super rotors, comparable to cryogenic samples.
  • Performed spectroscopy of the previously unobserved C2Π state of SiO+.
  • Probed SiO+ electronic structure at significantly stretched bond lengths (up to N=230) due to centrifugal distortion.

Conclusions:

  • Broadband optical pumping is an effective method for creating well-defined, highly excited molecular rotational states.
  • Super rotor ensembles provide a powerful platform for high-resolution spectroscopy and exploring molecular behavior under extreme conditions.
  • This work opens new avenues for quantum control of molecules and fundamental studies of electronic structure.