On the Relationship between Classic Psychedelics and Suicidality: A Systematic Review

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Psychiatry
• Mental Health Interventions

Background:

• Classic psychedelic use (e.g., psilocybin, ayahuasca, LSD) is rising.
• Psychedelic therapy is emerging as a novel mental health treatment.
• Suicidality is a concern in mental health and a potential safety issue with psychedelics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review the relationship between classic psychedelics and suicidality.
• To examine associations in both non-clinical use and psychedelic therapy contexts.
• To clarify the complex interplay between psychedelic substances and suicidal ideation/behavior.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review.
• Analysis of 64 articles (41 on non-clinical use, 23 on therapy).
• Synthesis of findings on associations and reported outcomes.

Main Results:

• Non-clinical classic psychedelic use showed mixed associations with suicidality (positive, negative, none).
• Some reports of suicide and decreased suicidality linked to non-clinical use.
• Early psychedelic therapy had some suicide reports (causality unclear); recent trials show no increased suicidality and suggest reductions.

Conclusions:

• The relationship between classic psychedelics and suicidality is complex and warrants further investigation.
• Current evidence suggests psychedelic therapy may offer benefits for suicidality.
• Future research is needed to fully understand these associations and optimize safety.