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Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
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Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations
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Developmental Functional Modules in Infant Vocalizations.

Ray D Kent1

  • 1Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR
|April 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Developmental functional modules (DFMs) explain infant vocal development. These biological modules, including the laryngeal and lingual complexes, characterize the speech production system and its early functions.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Speech science
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Infant vocal development is complex, involving intricate biological systems.
  • Understanding the early stages of speech production is crucial for developmental studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and identify key developmental functional modules (DFMs) governing vocal development in the first year of life.
  • To propose DFMs as a framework for understanding infant vocalizations.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of embryology, orofacial reflexes, craniofacial muscle properties, and vocal development stages.
  • Identification and description of candidate DFMs within the speech production system.

Main Results:

  • Identified DFMs include laryngeal, pharyngo-laryngeal, mandibular, velopharyngeal, labial complex, and lingual complex.
  • These DFMs, with their submodules and rhythmic movements, account for vocal development features in infants.
  • DFMs act as semi-autonomous control variables for the developing vocal tract.

Conclusions:

  • DFMs provide interpretive and explanatory value for infant vocal development.
  • The DFM framework complements existing models of early vocalizations.
  • DFMs are biologically grounded and offer a low-dimensional perspective on vocal tract control.