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    This study addresses resilient consensus in multiagent systems (MASs) facing physical failures and denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. A data-driven learning approach enables agents to achieve consensus despite unknown leader dynamics and cyber threats.

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    Area of Science:

    • Control Systems Engineering
    • Cyber-Physical Systems
    • Distributed Computing

    Background:

    • Consensus in multiagent systems (MASs) is crucial for coordinated behavior.
    • Existing methods often assume known system dynamics and are vulnerable to physical failures and denial-of-service (DoS) attacks.
    • Heterogeneous MASs present additional challenges due to differing agent dynamics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To address the distributed fault-tolerant resilient consensus problem in heterogeneous MASs.
    • To develop a method for learning unknown leader dynamics under DoS attacks.
    • To design controllers that ensure consensus despite physical failures and DoS attacks.

    Main Methods:

    • A data-driven, distributed resilient learning algorithm is proposed to identify the unknown leader's dynamic model.
    • A distributed resilient estimator is designed for each agent to track the leader's states.
    • An adaptive fault-tolerant resilient controller is developed to mitigate failures and attacks.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed learning-based algorithm successfully learns the unknown leader dynamics under DoS attacks.
    • The designed resilient estimator accurately estimates the leader's states.
    • The adaptive controller effectively ensures fault tolerance and resilience against physical failures and DoS attacks.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed learning-based fault-tolerant resilient control method enables consensus achievement in heterogeneous MASs.
    • The approach is effective even when the leader's dynamic model is unknown to followers.
    • Simulation results validate the proposed method's effectiveness in complex operational environments.