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A randomized controlled trial of three-dimensional versus two-dimensional imaging system on duration of surgery and
Ingrid M Balsa1, Michelle A Giuffrida1, Philipp D Mayhew1
1Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California-Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California, USA.
Objective:
To evaluate the effect of three-dimensional (3D) laparoscopy compared to two-dimensional (2D) laparoscopy when evaluating duration of surgery for canine intracorporeally sutured gastropexy.
Study Design:
Randomized controlled clinical trial.
Animals:
Thirty client-owned dogs.
Methods:
Dogs were randomized into 2D or 3D groups and underwent a three-port laparoscopic intracorporeally sutured incisional gastropexy with barbed suture. Procedures were performed by a single board-certified surgeon. Duration of surgery was recorded and workload was assessed immediately after surgery using the NASA Task Load Index (TLX).
Results:
Median duration of surgery was 3 min shorter for 3D versus 2D (95%CI -10 to 13; p = .51). Surgical component durations, total and component TLX scores, and intraoperative complications also did not differ between groups. In a subgroup analysis excluding the first eight cases due to presumption of a learning curve with suturing technique, total TLX score (p = .004) and all component scores were lower for 3D as compared to 2D laparoscopy, although duration of surgery did not differ (p = .20).
Conclusion:
The use of 3D laparoscopy was not associated with shorter duration of surgery when compared to 2D laparoscopy.
Clinical Significance:
3D laparoscopy requires further investigation in veterinary medicine to determine its utility in decreasing surgical duration, surgical complications or surgeon mental or physical workload.
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