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Green Algae

Green Algae

Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...

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Updated: Nov 8, 2025

Quantification of Heavy Metals and Other Inorganic Contaminants on the Productivity of Microalgae

Quantification of Heavy Metals and Other Inorganic Contaminants on the Productivity of Microalgae

Published on: July 10, 2015

Aged microplastics decrease the bioavailability of coexisting heavy metals to microalga Chlorella vulgaris.

Zezheng Wang¹, Dongdong Fu¹, Liu Gao¹

¹College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR China.

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

|April 17, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Environmental aging makes microplastics (MPs) more toxic to microalgae. Aged MPs and heavy metals like cadmium show reduced combined toxicity, but still cause cellular damage.

Keywords:

Aged microplastic Chlorella vulgaris Combined toxicity Heavy metal Microalga

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Ecotoxicology
Marine Biology

Background:

Microplastics (MP) undergo environmental aging, altering their properties and behavior.
Aged MPs can interact with other environmental contaminants, such as heavy metals.
Understanding these interactions is crucial for assessing ecological risks.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the toxicity of aged micro-sized polystyrene (mPS) and polyvinyl chloride (mPVC) alone and in combination with copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) on the microalga Chlorella vulgaris.
To determine the effects of combined microplastic and heavy metal toxicity on microalgal growth and cellular damage.

Main Methods:

Exposure of Chlorella vulgaris to virgin and aged mPS and mPVC at various concentrations.
Exposure to Cu2+ and Cd2+ at concentrations ranging from 0.5-2.0 mg/L.
Assessment of microalgal growth inhibition rates (I).
Measurement of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonaldehyde (MDA) content to evaluate cellular damage.

Main Results:

Microplastics inhibited Chlorella vulgaris growth, with aged MPs showing stronger inhibition than virgin MPs.
Heavy metals Cu2+ and Cd2+ significantly inhibited growth, with Cd2+ being more toxic.
Combined exposure to aged MPs and heavy metals resulted in lower toxicity than individual heavy metal exposure, particularly for Cd2+.
Both single and combined treatments induced cellular damage, evidenced by increased SOD and MDA levels.

Conclusions:

Environmental aging enhances the inhibitory effect of microplastics on microalgal growth.
Aged microplastics can mitigate the toxicity of heavy metals like cadmium towards Chlorella vulgaris.
Microplastic-heavy metal interactions present complex ecotoxicological effects that warrant further investigation.