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Asthma does not increase COVID-19 mortality and poor outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Arto Yuwono Soeroto1,2, Aga Purwiga2, Emmy H Pranggono Emmy H Pranggono1,2

  • 1Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia.

Asian Pacific Journal of Allergy and Immunology
|April 18, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Asthma patients with COVID-19 are not at higher risk for severe illness or death. This meta-analysis found no association between asthma and poor outcomes in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Contradictory information exists regarding asthma as a risk factor for severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).
  • Some health organizations identify moderate to severe asthma as a high-risk condition for severe COVID-19.
  • Discrepancies in reported asthma prevalence among COVID-19 patients necessitate further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a meta-analysis investigating the association between asthma and composite poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients.
  • To clarify the role of asthma as a predictor of adverse events in Coronavirus Disease 2019.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed and Embase databases.
  • Inclusion of original research articles on adult COVID-19 patients (>18 years) with data on asthma.
  • Analysis of outcomes including mortality, severe COVID-19, mechanical ventilation, and ICU/hospital admission.

Main Results:

  • Eleven studies comprising 6,046 patients were included in the meta-analysis.
  • Asthma was not significantly associated with composite poor outcomes (OR = 0.92, 95%CI 0.71-1.19, p = 0.61).
  • Subgroup analyses confirmed no association between asthma and severe COVID-19 (p=0.76), mortality (p=0.45), or other poor outcomes (p=0.28).

Conclusions:

  • Asthma is not associated with severe Coronavirus Disease 2019.
  • The presence of asthma does not increase the risk of mortality or other poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients.
  • Findings suggest asthma should not be considered a primary risk factor for adverse outcomes in COVID-19.
Abstract

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