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Review of expandable dental implants.

J J Londoño1, A M Ramos2, S A Correa3

  • 1Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie, Université de Bordeaux, Talence, France.

The British Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery
|April 18, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Expandable dental implants (EDI) offer potential solutions for dental implant stability. While evidence is limited, these devices show promise for improving primary stability in dental restorations.

Keywords:
dental implantexpandableimmediate loadingnew conceptsprimary stability

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Dental Implantology
  • Medical Device Engineering

Background:

  • The dental implant market is expanding, driven by aesthetic demands and well-being.
  • Current dominant dental implant designs face challenges like initial stability loss and marginal bone resorption, particularly with immediate placement.
  • Expandable dental implants (EDI) represent a less common but potentially advantageous alternative design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the existing literature, patents, and commercial devices related to expandable dental implants (EDI).
  • To propose a classification system for EDI based on expansion mechanism and origin.
  • To assess the current evidence regarding the primary stability provided by EDI.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search including prospective human trials, case reports, animal studies, and in silico research.
  • Systematic review of published patents pertaining to expandable dental implant designs.
  • Identification and analysis of commercially available expandable dental implant systems.

Main Results:

  • A total of 15 relevant articles and 73 patents were identified.
  • Two expandable dental implant systems are currently commercially available.
  • Some expandable designs demonstrated good primary stability, though supporting evidence is currently limited.

Conclusions:

  • Expandable dental implants (EDI) present a promising alternative to conventional designs, potentially enhancing primary stability.
  • A proposed classification system aids in understanding different EDI mechanisms.
  • Further clinical and biomechanical research is crucial to fully elucidate and optimize the benefits of EDI.