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Related Concept Videos

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
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Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

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The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
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Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

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The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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Overview
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Immunological Memory01:23

Immunological Memory

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Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
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Separation of Immune Cell Subpopulations in Peripheral Blood Samples from Children with Infectious Mononucleosis
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Separation of Immune Cell Subpopulations in Peripheral Blood Samples from Children with Infectious Mononucleosis

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[EBV and immunodeficiency].

Y Dieudonne1, M Martin2, A-S Korganow1

  • 1Université de Strasbourg, Inserm UMR - S1109, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, service d'immunologie clinique et de médecine interne, centre national de référence des maladies auto-immunes et systémiques rares, Est/Sud-Ouest (RESO), centre de compétence pour les déficits immunitaires primitifs de l'adulte, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, faculté de médecine, 67000 Strasbourg, France.

La Revue De Medecine Interne
|April 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a common herpesvirus, can cause severe complications like cancers. Understanding EBV

Keywords:
EBVEpstein Barr VirusVirus Epstein-Barrimmunodépressionlymphoproliferationlymphoproliférationprimary or secondary immunodeficiency

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a widespread double-stranded DNA virus in the Herpesviridae family.
  • EBV exhibits lymphoid tropism and oncogenic potential via viral proteins, with lytic and latent replication cycles.
  • Over 90% of adults globally are EBV seropositive, often experiencing asymptomatic primary infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the virological and immunological aspects of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection.
  • To explore EBV-related complications, including hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, lymphoproliferative disorders, and cancers.
  • To provide an overview of current therapeutic strategies for EBV infections and associated conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of virological and immunological studies on EBV.
  • Analysis of research on EBV-associated pathologies and risk factors.
  • Synthesis of information on current treatment options for EBV complications.

Main Results:

  • EBV establishes lifelong persistence in host memory B cells through its latent cycle.
  • Severe EBV complications can arise, particularly in individuals with specific primary immune deficiencies.
  • Recent studies have identified genetic risk factors contributing to EBV susceptibility and severe outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • EBV infection presents a complex interplay between viral mechanisms and host immunity.
  • Understanding EBV pathogenesis is crucial for managing severe complications and associated malignancies.
  • Further research into immune deficiencies and targeted therapies is warranted for improved EBV patient outcomes.