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Related Concept Videos

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Psychologists measure intelligence by using standardized tests that produce a score known as the intelligence quotient or IQ. To understand IQ tests, it's important to recognize the key principles behind their construction: validity, reliability, and standardization.
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The term "intelligence" is complex because it refers to both behavior and individuals, and its interpretation varies across cultures. European Americans tend to link intelligence with reasoning and cognitive skills, while in Kenya, it is tied to responsible participation in family and social life. In Uganda, intelligence is seen as the ability to know the right actions and carry them out effectively, while the Iatmul people of Papua New Guinea associate it with the capacity to remember...
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Despite the strong genetic influence on traits like intelligence, environmental factors significantly shape outcomes. For example, while over 90% of height variation is due to genetic differences, environmental factors such as nutrition also have a notable impact. Similarly, for intelligence, changes in a child's surroundings can significantly alter their IQ. Research shows that enriched environments boost children's academic success and help them develop key cognitive skills. Children...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 8, 2025

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
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Effectiveness of successful intelligence training program: A meta-analysis.

Khin Nyunt Nyunt Saw1,2, Buxin Han1,2

  • 1CAS Key Lab of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.

Psych Journal
|April 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Successful intelligence training (TSI) positively impacts students' academic achievement, thinking skills, and socioemotional outcomes. Benefits were greatest for gifted and older students, suggesting tailored, authentic problem-solving approaches enhance effectiveness.

Keywords:
analytical thinkingcreative thinkingpractical thinkingsocioemotional outcomessuccessful intelligence theory

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Area of Science:

  • Educational Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Robert Sternberg's theory of successful intelligence (TSI) posits that intelligence involves analytical, creative, and practical abilities.
  • TSI training aims to enhance these abilities and improve overall student outcomes in educational settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of successful intelligence training (TSI) on academic achievement, triarchic thinking, and socioemotional outcomes.
  • To identify moderators influencing the effectiveness of TSI training, including participant selection, subject area, grade level, and intervention duration.

Main Methods:

  • A meta-analysis was conducted on 24 studies published between 1998 and 2019, sourced from multiple academic databases.
  • Studies implementing TSI training programs were analyzed to determine overall effect sizes and investigate moderating factors.

Main Results:

  • TSI training demonstrated a significant positive effect on students' overall achievement (g = 0.63) and socioemotional outcomes.
  • Effect sizes were largest for socioemotional outcomes, followed by triarchic thinking and then academic achievement.
  • Intervention duration negatively moderated the effect size, while benefits were greater for gifted and older students.

Conclusions:

  • Successful intelligence training is an effective pedagogical approach for enhancing diverse student outcomes.
  • Educators should focus on detailed, structured, and authentic problem-solving scenarios rather than purely academic tasks for optimal TSI training effectiveness.
  • The findings support the broader application of TSI principles in educational psychology and curriculum development.