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CRITICAL LEAF CONCENTRATIONS FOR DEFICIENCIES OF NITROGEN, POTASSIUM, PHOSPHORUS, SULPHUR, AND MAGNESIUM IN PERENNIAL
G S Smith1, I S Cornforth1, H V Henderson1
1Ruakura Soil and Plant Research Station, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Private Bag, Hamilton, New Zealand.
The New Phytologist
|April 20, 2021
Summary
This study determined critical nutrient levels for perennial ryegrass, finding higher potassium requirements than previously reported. These findings are crucial for optimizing grass growth and understanding plant nutrition.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Plant Physiology
- Nutrient Management
Background:
- Accurate nutrient management is vital for perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) yield.
- Existing critical leaf concentration values may not fully reflect optimal growth conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish critical leaf concentrations for key macronutrients (N, P, K, S, Mg) in perennial ryegrass.
- To compare these values with existing literature and investigate nutrient interactions.
Main Methods:
- Perennial ryegrass was grown in sand culture under controlled conditions.
- Critical leaf concentrations were determined based on a 10% reduction in dry matter yield.
- Nutrient uptake and interactions were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Critical leaf concentrations (g kg-1 DM) for deficiency were established: Kjeldahl-N 32, nitrate-N 500, K 28, P 2.1, S 1.8, Mg 0.7.
- Higher potassium concentrations were required for maximum growth than previously reported.
- Potassium depressed magnesium and calcium uptake; phosphorus deficiency impaired sulfur absorption.
Conclusions:
- Established critical nutrient values provide a benchmark for perennial ryegrass nutrition.
- Observed discrepancies in potassium requirements highlight the need for updated guidelines.
- Understanding nutrient interactions is essential for both plant and animal health.
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