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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

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Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
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Paediatric adhesive bowel obstruction: a systematic review.

Alexander T M Nguyen1,2, Andrew J A Holland3,4

  • 1Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia.

Pediatric Surgery International
|April 20, 2021
PubMed
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Adhesions after abdominal surgery frequently cause bowel obstruction in children. While often managed conservatively, surgery is frequently required, and new anti-adhesion materials show promise.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Surgical Research
  • Pediatric Surgery and Clinical Outcomes
  • Biomaterials in Surgery

Background:

  • Abdominal adhesions are a frequent complication of abdominal surgery, leading to significant morbidity.
  • Adhesions are a primary cause of small bowel obstruction (ASBO), particularly in pediatric patients with prior abdominal surgery.
  • Current management often involves conservative measures, but surgical intervention is frequently necessary.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and synthesize current knowledge on Adhesions-Related Small Bowel Obstruction (ASBO).
  • To provide an overview of ASBO's incidence, etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management in the pediatric population.
  • To evaluate the role of novel anti-adhesion materials in preventing postoperative adhesions.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of studies on pediatric Adhesions-Related Small Bowel Obstruction.
  • Analysis of data on incidence rates, causative factors, and disease mechanisms.
  • Review of clinical findings, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies, including surgical and conservative management.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of ASBO in children with prior abdominal surgery ranges from 1% to 12.6%.
  • Conservative management is typically the initial approach, but a majority of patients ultimately require surgical intervention.
  • Emerging anti-adhesion barriers, such as Seprafilm®, have demonstrated promising results in preventing adhesion formation in pediatric abdominal surgeries.

Conclusions:

  • Adhesions following abdominal surgery represent a significant cause of bowel obstruction in children.
  • While conservative management is a common first step, surgical intervention is often required for Adhesions-Related Small Bowel Obstruction.
  • Further research and application of innovative materials are crucial for improving outcomes and reducing the burden of adhesions in pediatric surgical patients.