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Ankle Joint

Ankle Joint

The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 8, 2025

Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach

Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach

Published on: January 24, 2018

Computer-assisted contralateral side comparison of the ankle joint using flat panel technology.

Sarina Thomas¹, Lisa Kausch^2,3, Holger Kunze⁴

¹Division of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany. s.thomas@dkfz-heidelberg.de.

International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery

|April 20, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces an AI system to compare fractured ankles with healthy ones using 3D C-arm images. This technology aids surgeons in evaluating reduction accuracy, potentially reducing revision surgeries.

Keywords:

Computer-assisted surgery Plane estimation Segmentation

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Last Updated: Nov 8, 2025

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Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Artificial Intelligence
Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

Intra-operative evaluation of ankle fracture reduction is challenging and relies on surgeon expertise.
Ankle bone shape and pose exhibit low intra-individual variance, suggesting contralateral side comparison is beneficial.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an AI-assisted system for intra-operative comparison of fractured and healthy ankle joints.
To improve the accuracy and efficiency of evaluating ankle fracture reduction.

Main Methods:

A system using two convolutional neural networks (CNNs) was developed for side-by-side visual comparison of ankle joints from a single 3D C-arm image.
One U-Net detects ankle regions, while a second U-Net estimates standard planes for alignment via segmentation.

Main Results:

Experiments on unilateral and bilateral ankle datasets demonstrated the system's accuracy.
The pipeline achieved a median position-to-plane error of [Formula: see text] mm and median angular errors between 2.98° and 3.71° for plane normals.

Conclusions:

Standard plane estimation using segmentation is superior to direct pose regression for this application.
The proposed pipeline facilitates direct contralateral comparison without additional radiation, potentially improving surgical outcomes and reducing revision rates.