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Managing signal sampling rates is essential in digital signal processing to maintain signal integrity. A decimated signal, characterized by a reduced frequency range due to its lower sampling rate, can be upsampled by inserting zeros between each sample. This upsampling process expands the original spectrum and introduces repeated spectral replicas at intervals dictated by the new Nyquist frequency. To refine this zero-inserted sequence, it is passed through a lowpass filter with a cutoff...
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Wideband Optical Detector of Ultrasound for Medical Imaging Applications
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Noise Suppression for Ultrasound Attenuation Coefficient Estimation Based on Spectrum Normalization.

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    This study introduces noise suppression and quality control methods to improve ultrasound attenuation coefficient estimation (ACE) for fatty liver detection. These techniques enhance the accuracy and penetration depth of the reference frequency method (RFM), crucial for reliable diagnosis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Imaging
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Acoustics

    Background:

    • Ultrasound attenuation coefficient estimation (ACE) is vital for diagnosing fatty liver disease.
    • The reference frequency method (RFM) offers phantom-free ACE but is sensitive to signal noise.
    • Noise impacts the robustness and penetration depth of ACE, limiting clinical utility.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate noise suppression (NS) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) quality control methods for ACE.
    • To improve the performance and reliability of the reference frequency method (RFM) in ultrasound imaging.
    • To enhance the effective penetration depth and reduce noise-induced bias in harmonic ACE.

    Main Methods:

    • Proposed novel noise suppression (NS) and SNR quality control algorithms.
    • Applied NS and SNR methods to harmonic ACE, a common mode for abdominal imaging.
    • Evaluated performance using phantom and simulated data, focusing on noise reduction and bias correction.

    Main Results:

    • The NS and SNR methods significantly reduced noise-induced bias in harmonic ACE.
    • Effective penetration depth of ACE was substantially improved after applying the proposed methods.
    • The developed techniques demonstrated robust performance in suppressing noise artifacts.

    Conclusions:

    • Noise suppression and SNR quality control are effective in enhancing ACE-RFM performance.
    • The proposed methods improve diagnostic accuracy and penetration depth for fatty liver assessment using ultrasound.
    • These noise-reduction strategies are adaptable to other spectrum-based ACE techniques.