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Updated: Nov 8, 2025

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children
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Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children

Published on: December 31, 2017

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Oral microbiota in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Marek Pachoński1, Aleksandra Koczor-Rozmus2, Katarzyna Mocny-Pachońska2

  • 1NZOZ Pachońscy Dental Clinic Marek Pachoński, Tarnowskie Gory, Poland.

Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism
|April 21, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Children with type 1 diabetes have significantly different oral bacterial microbiota compared to healthy children. This quantitative and qualitative difference in oral microbiome is linked to diabetes status.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Oral Health

Background:

  • The oral cavity hosts a complex microbiome essential for health.
  • Type 1 diabetes can influence systemic health, potentially affecting oral microbial balance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the quantity and quality of oral bacterial microbiota in children with type 1 diabetes against a healthy control group.
  • To investigate potential differences based on diabetes control levels (well-controlled vs. poorly-controlled).

Main Methods:

  • Microbiological analysis of oral swabs from 50 children with type 1 diabetes (aged 10-18) and 25 healthy children.
  • Participants with type 1 diabetes were categorized into well-controlled (HbA1c ≤ 7.5%) and poorly-controlled (HbA1c > 7.5%) groups.

Main Results:

  • Statistically significant differences in the total number of oral microorganisms were found between poorly-controlled diabetic children and healthy children (p=0.003).
  • Significant differences were also observed between well-controlled diabetic children and healthy children (p<0.001).
  • No significant quantitative differences in oral microbiota were detected between well-controlled and poorly-controlled diabetic groups (p=0.195).

Conclusions:

  • The oral microbiome in children with type 1 diabetes exhibits significant quantitative differences compared to healthy children.
  • Qualitative variations in the oral microbiota profile are also evident in type 1 diabetic children.
  • Diabetes status, rather than control level, appears to be a key factor influencing oral microbiome composition.
Abstract

Keywords:
Candida albicansdental cariesmicrobiotatype 1 diabetes.periodontitis

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