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Related Concept Videos

Cell Migration01:09

Cell Migration

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Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
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Cell Migration01:19

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Cell migration is a process by which the cells move from one location to another, playing an essential role in embryological development, repair and regeneration, immune response, and metastasis. Cells migrate in response to chemical or mechanical signals generated by specific organs or tissues. The overall mechanism includes three steps - polarization, protrusion, and release. Polarization involves the formation of a distinct cell front and rear, which determines the direction of movement.
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Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility01:13

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Actin is a family of globular proteins that are highly abundant in eukaryotic cells. It makes up approximately 1-5% of total cell protein concentration. Actin monomers polymerize to form a complex network of polarized filaments, the actin cytoskeleton, that plays a crucial role in many cellular processes, including cell motility, division, endocytosis, and metastasis of cancer cells.
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Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration01:32

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A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker...
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Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 8, 2025

Control of Cell Adhesion using Hydrogel Patterning Techniques for Applications in Traction Force Microscopy
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A formalism for modelling traction forces and cell shape evolution during cell migration in various biomedical

Q Peng1,2, F J Vermolen3,4, D Weihs5

  • 1Delft Institute of Applied Mathematics, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, 2628 CD, Delft, The Netherlands. Q.Peng-1@tudelft.nl.

Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology
|April 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study enhances a cell migration model by incorporating cell traction forces and differentiation-driven shape changes. It models extracellular matrix plasticity and uses the finite element method to simulate cell behavior in various biological scenarios.

Keywords:
Agent-based modellingCell geometryCell migrationCellular traction forcesFinite-element method

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Computational Biology
  • Mechanobiology

Background:

  • Existing phenomenological models describe cell shape deformation and migration.
  • Cellular processes like differentiation and matrix interactions influence cell behavior.
  • Understanding cell migration is crucial for developmental biology and disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To extend existing models of cell migration and shape deformation.
  • To incorporate cell traction forces and differentiation-induced shape evolution.
  • To model plastic deformations of the extracellular matrix using morphoelasticity.

Main Methods:

  • The finite element method (FEM) was employed to solve the derived partial differential equations.
  • Morphoelasticity theory was used to model plastic deformations of the extracellular matrix.
  • A Monte Carlo framework was utilized to reproduce experimental observations of cancer cell transmigration.

Main Results:

  • The enhanced model successfully simulates cell migration and shape evolution under various biological conditions.
  • The model incorporates the influence of cell traction forces and differentiation on cell shape.
  • Plasticity of the extracellular matrix is accounted for through morphoelasticity.

Conclusions:

  • The extended model provides a more comprehensive framework for studying cell migration and shape dynamics.
  • The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of cell behavior in complex biological environments.
  • The model's ability to reproduce experimental data validates its predictive power for cell transmigration.