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Opioids and Acute Kidney Injury
Mary Mallappallil1, Siddhartha Bajracharya2, Moro Salifu3
1Assistant Professor of Medicine, State University of New York at Downstate, Brooklyn, NY; Director of Service Nephrology, Kings County Hospital Center, Health and Hospitals Corporation, Brooklyn, NY.
Seminars in Nephrology
|April 26, 2021
Summary
Opioid use is linked to acute kidney injury, a serious condition. Caution is advised for at-risk populations, with a need for preventive strategies and further research.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Pharmacology
- Public Health
Background:
- Opioid misuse is an epidemic in the US, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality.
- Understanding the renal effects of opioids is crucial for patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the literature on opioid effects on kidney function.
- To examine the association between opioid use and AKI.
- To identify populations at risk for opioid-induced AKI and suggest interventions.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of studies on opioid use and kidney function.
- Critical analysis of the association between opioid consumption and AKI incidence.
- Identification of risk factors and vulnerable patient groups.
Main Results:
- Opioids can negatively impact kidney function, increasing AKI risk.
- Certain populations, such as those with pre-existing kidney disease or concurrent nephrotoxic exposures, are at higher risk.
- Biomarkers may aid in early detection and understanding of opioid-related kidney injury.
Conclusions:
- Opioid use is associated with an increased risk of acute kidney injury.
- Implementing preventive measures and exploring novel therapeutics are essential.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms and optimize management of opioid-induced AKI.
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