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The opioid epidemic increases organ donors but also risks. Careful patient education, informed consent, and monitoring are crucial for transplant recipients and living donors using prescription opioids.

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Area of Science:

  • Transplantation Science
  • Public Health
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • The US opioid crisis has increased deceased organ donors, often younger individuals with higher infectious disease risks.
  • Prescription opioid use impacts transplant candidate eligibility and outcomes, posing risks for recipients and living donors.
  • Chronic opioid use necessitates careful evaluation and management in transplant candidates and recipients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the impact of the opioid epidemic on organ transplantation.
  • To discuss the risks associated with using organs from donors affected by the opioid crisis.
  • To examine the implications of prescription opioid use in transplant recipients and living donors.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on opioid use and transplantation.
  • Analysis of risks associated with deceased donors from the opioid crisis.
  • Evaluation of prescription opioid use in kidney transplant recipients and living kidney donors.

Main Results:

  • Organs from opioid crisis donors require enhanced screening, education, and post-transplant monitoring.
  • Prescription opioid use in kidney transplant recipients correlates with increased mortality, graft loss, and complications.
  • Pre-donation opioid use in living kidney donors is linked to higher readmission rates post-nephrectomy.

Conclusions:

  • The opioid epidemic necessitates specific educational strategies for patients awaiting transplantation.
  • Multidisciplinary evaluation and management are essential for transplant candidates and recipients with chronic opioid use.
  • Addressing opioid use is critical for optimizing outcomes in organ transplantation and living donation.