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Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
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Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device
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Prehospital Traction Splint Use in Midthigh Trauma Patients.

Danielle Campagne1, Kathleen Cagle1, Jannet Castaneda1

  • 1Fresno Medical Education Program, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) Fresno, CA, United States.

Journal of Emergencies, Trauma, and Shock
|April 26, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Prehospital traction splint (PTS) application for femur fractures may reduce hospital length of stay and mortality. Further research is recommended to confirm these benefits for trauma patients.

Keywords:
Extremity Abbreviated Injury ScoreInjury Severity Scoretraction splint

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Trauma Surgery
  • Emergency Medical Services

Background:

  • Traction splints (TS) are theorized to alleviate pain, prevent further injury from bone fragments, and reduce bleeding in thigh injuries.
  • Prehospital application of TS aims to provide immediate stabilization during transport.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the clinical benefits of prehospital traction splint (PTS) application in patients with femur fractures.
  • To analyze patient outcomes based on the timing of TS application (prehospital vs. in-hospital vs. none).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of a trauma registry from 2001-2011 at a Level 1 trauma center.
  • Inclusion criteria: patients diagnosed with femur fractures (ICD-9 codes 821.01 and 821.11).
  • Statistical analysis included Chi-square, t-tests, and ANOVA to compare outcomes between groups.

Main Results:

  • Patients without traction splints (NTS) had more severe injuries beyond femur fractures compared to those with TS.
  • A significant reduction in hospital length of stay (LOS) was observed for patients receiving in-hospital TS compared to NTS (3.10 vs. 5.42 days, P=0.05).
  • Analysis of patients with Injury Severity Score < 9 showed differences in TS placement groups.

Conclusions:

  • Prehospital traction splint (PTS) application may be associated with decreased hospital length of stay and mortality.
  • Further investigation is warranted to validate the positive impact of PTS on patient outcomes.