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Related Experiment Video

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Hypothermic Shock Applied After Perinatal Asphyxia Prevents Retinal Damage in Rats.

Manuel Rey-Funes1,2, Daniela S Contartese1, Rafael Peláez3

  • 1Laboratorio de Neuropatología Experimental, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof, E. De Robertis" (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Frontiers in Pharmacology
|April 26, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Post-partum hypothermia shows promise in preventing vision loss from perinatal asphyxia (PA). This study found that cooling newborns after birth significantly protected their retinas and improved vision, offering a potential low-cost intervention.

Keywords:
apoptosiscold-shock proteinselectroretinogramhypothermiaperinatal asphyxia

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology
  • Neonatal Medicine

Background:

  • Perinatal asphyxia (PA) is a major cause of neonatal brain injury, leading to vision impairment and blindness.
  • Previous research indicated hypothermia's protective effect on the retina when applied during hypoxic insult.
  • The current study investigates hypothermia's efficacy when administered immediately post-delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of post-partum hypothermia on the retina in a rat model of perinatal asphyxia.
  • To assess the impact of immediate post-delivery cooling on visual pathway integrity and retinal cell survival.
  • To examine the expression of cold-shock proteins following hypothermic treatment in PA-affected retinas.

Main Methods:

  • Four experimental groups: control, PA, hypothermia during PA (HYP), and post-partum hypothermia (HYP-PA).
  • Electroretinography (ERG) assessed visual pathway function at 45 days.
  • Molecular and histological analyses (real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry, TUNEL assay) were performed at various time points post-birth.

Main Results:

  • PA significantly reduced ERG a-wave, b-wave, and oscillatory potentials (OP).
  • Both hypothermia treatments (HYP and HYP-PA) significantly improved a-wave and OP amplitudes.
  • Post-partum hypothermia (HYP-PA) partially corrected b-wave amplitude, while HYP fully corrected it. TUNEL assay showed reduced cell death in hypothermia-treated groups.
  • Cold-shock proteins (CIRP, RBM3) were upregulated in retinas of HYP and HYP-PA groups.

Conclusions:

  • Post-partum hypothermia is a potentially effective and affordable strategy to mitigate vision-threatening complications of perinatal asphyxia.
  • This intervention preserves retinal structure and function, reducing neuronal apoptosis.
  • Upregulation of cold-shock proteins may play a role in the observed retinal protection.