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Author Spotlight: Evaluation of Entomopathogenic Fungi in Wild Monochamus alternatus Populations for Biocontrol Applications in Forest Wood Borers
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Host evolutionary relationships explain tree mortality caused by a generalist pest-pathogen complex.

Shannon Colleen Lynch1,2, Akif Eskalen2, Gregory S Gilbert1

  • 1Department of Environmental Studies University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California USA.

Evolutionary Applications
|April 26, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Evolutionary relationships predict how well generalist pests and pathogens impact plant hosts. This finding helps forecast disease severity across diverse plant species and pest combinations.

Keywords:
EuwallaceaFusarium diebackbiological invasionshost specificityinfectious diseasesinvasive plant pestsinvasive shot hole borersphylogenetic signal

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Plant Pathology

Background:

  • The impact of generalist pests and pathogens on diverse host species is poorly understood, particularly concerning phylogenetic influences.
  • Host susceptibility (competence) and disease severity vary, but the evolutionary basis for these differences remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the phylogenetic signal of host competence and disease severity for a generalist beetle-pathogen complex.
  • To determine if host evolutionary relationships can predict their differential responses to pest-pathogen attacks.

Main Methods:

  • Examined host-pathogen-beetle interactions in California and South Africa, categorizing hosts by competence (non-competent, competent, killed-competent).
  • Utilized phylogenetic dispersion analysis to assess non-randomness in host selection and impact based on evolutionary relatedness.

Main Results:

  • Identified a nonrandom phylogenetic distribution of beetle attack and fungal pathogen growth among available host species.
  • Found that competent hosts were phylogenetically constrained (62 Myr narrower than all potential hosts), with highly impacted hosts being even more constrained (107 Myr).

Conclusions:

  • Demonstrated a strong phylogenetic signal in host responses to generalist pest-pathogen complexes.
  • Concluded that host evolutionary history is a key predictor of susceptibility and disease severity, offering a theoretical framework for predicting multi-host pest impacts.