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Angular dynamics of small nanoparticles induced by non-vortex electron beams.

José Ángel Castellanos-Reyes1, Jesús Castrejón-Figueroa1, Alejandro Reyes-Coronado1

  • 1Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Av. Universidad #3000, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.

Ultramicroscopy
|April 26, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Fast electron beams can induce angular momentum in nanoparticles. This study shows electric angular momentum transfer is smaller than with vortex beams, with potential for nanoparticle spinning.

Keywords:
Angular momentum transferAttosecond dynamicsElectron microscopyFemtosecond dynamicsNanoparticlesNon-vortex electron beams

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Area of Science:

  • Theoretical physics
  • Nanotechnology
  • Classical electrodynamics

Background:

  • Electron beams can transfer momentum to nanoparticles.
  • Understanding angular dynamics is crucial for nanoscale manipulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate angular dynamics of small nanoparticles induced by fast non-vortex electron beams.
  • Obtain general expressions for torque and angular momentum transfer.
  • Analyze the nature and directionality of transferred angular momentum.

Main Methods:

  • Full-retarded classical electrodynamics approach.
  • Small particle limit approximation.
  • Analytical and numerical calculations for spherical nanoparticles.

Main Results:

  • Derived general expressions for torque and angular momentum transfer.
  • Angular momentum transfer is electric in nature and depends on electron trajectory.
  • Transfer is two orders of magnitude smaller than with vortex beams for Al and Au nanoparticles.
  • A 5nm gold nanoparticle can spin up to 29.3 Hz.

Conclusions:

  • Non-vortex electron beams transfer electric angular momentum to nanoparticles.
  • This transfer mechanism is less efficient than with vortex beams.
  • Potential for controlled nanoscale spinning applications exists.