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Updated: Nov 8, 2025

Conjugative Mating Assays for Sequence-specific Analysis of Transfer Proteins Involved in Bacterial Conjugation
Published on: January 4, 2017
tSFM 1.0: tRNA Structure-Function Mapper
Travis J Lawrence1,2, Fatemeh Hadi-Nezhad1, Ivo Grosse3,4
1Quantitative and Systems Biology Program, University of California, Merced, CA 95343, USA.
Motivation:
Structure-conditioned information statistics have proven useful to predict and visualize tRNA Class-Informative Features (CIFs) and their evolutionary divergences. Although permutation P-values can quantify the significance of CIF divergences between two taxa, their naive Monte Carlo approximation is slow and inaccurate. The Peaks-over-Threshold approach of Knijnenburg et al. (2009) promises improvements to both speed and accuracy of permutation P-values, but has no publicly available API.
Results:
We present tRNA Structure-Function Mapper (tSFM) v1.0, an open-source, multi-threaded application that efficiently computes, visualizes and assesses significance of single- and paired-site CIFs and their evolutionary divergences for any RNA, protein, gene or genomic element sequence family. Multiple estimators of permutation P-values for CIF evolutionary divergences are provided along with confidence intervals. tSFM is implemented in Python 3 with compiled C extensions and is freely available through GitHub (https://github.com/tlawrence3/tSFM) and PyPI.
Availability And Implementation:
The data underlying this article are available on GitHub at https://github.com/tlawrence3/tSFM.
Supplementary Information:
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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