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Glaucocalyxin A induces apoptosis and autophagy in tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells by regulating ROS

Fanzhe Shi1, Danfeng Xue1, Qingkun Jiang1

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng St., Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.

Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology
|April 27, 2021
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Glaucocalyxin A (GLA) effectively inhibits tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) growth by inducing apoptosis and autophagy. This anti-cancer effect is mediated by GLA

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is a prevalent and aggressive oral cancer.
  • Glaucocalyxin A (GLA), a diterpenoid from Rabdosia japonica var., exhibits anti-cancer properties.
  • The specific anti-cancer mechanisms of GLA in TSCC are not well-understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anti-cancer effects of Glaucocalyxin A (GLA) on human tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) cells.
  • To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of GLA's action in TSCC.

Main Methods:

  • Cell viability and growth assessed using CCK-8 and colony formation assays.
  • Apoptosis detected via DAPI staining and flow cytometry.
  • Lysosome and autolysosome activity observed with Lysotracker Red staining.
  • Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels measured using fluorescent probes.
  • Protein expression related to apoptosis and autophagy analyzed by Western blotting.

Main Results:

  • GLA significantly inhibits TSCC cell viability and growth in a time- and dose-dependent manner.
  • GLA induces apoptosis, autophagy, and increases intracellular ROS production in TSCC cells.
  • The anti-cancer effects of GLA are mediated by the induction of ROS, triggering apoptosis and autophagy.

Conclusions:

  • Glaucocalyxin A (GLA) demonstrates potent anti-cancer activity against tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC).
  • GLA induces TSCC cell death through ROS-dependent apoptosis and autophagy.
  • GLA shows potential as a therapeutic agent for treating TSCC.
Keywords:
ApoptosisAutophagyGlaucocalyxin AReactive oxygen speciesTongue squamous cell carcinoma

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