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Analytical Strategy for MS-Based Thanatochemistry to Estimate Postmortem Interval.

Donatella Aiello1, Federica Lucà2, Carlo Siciliano3

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Rende 87036, Italy.

Journal of Proteome Research
|April 27, 2021
PubMed
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This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed a new method using mass spectrometry on vitreous humor to estimate time since death. The approach shows high accuracy, especially for shorter postmortem intervals.

Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Accurate postmortem interval (PMI) estimation is crucial in forensic investigations.
  • Vitreous humor (VH) contains metabolites that change over time after death, offering potential for PMI determination.
  • Existing methods for PMI estimation often have limitations in accuracy or require sample types not always available.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an analytical strategy for untargeted metabolomic analysis of VH using matrix-assisted laser desorption mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS).
  • To establish statistically significant correlations between VH metabolite profiles and time since death.
  • To assess the predictive capability of multivariate statistical models for PMI estimation based on VH metabolomics.

Main Methods:

Keywords:
mass spectrometrypartial least squares regressionpostmortem intervalprincipal component regressionuntargeted metabolomicsvitreous humor

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  • Vitreous humor samples were incubated at five time points (0, 24, 48, 72, 96 hours) under controlled conditions.
  • Untargeted metabolomic profiling was performed using MALDI-MS.
  • Principal Component Regression (PCR) and Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) were employed for PMI prediction.
  • Data pre-processing involved multiplicative scatter correction and logarithmic transformation.
  • Model performance was evaluated using an independent validation set (R², RMSE).

Main Results:

  • The chosen pre-processing method (multiplicative scatter correction + logarithmic transformation) yielded optimal results.
  • Both PCR and PLSR models achieved a validation coefficient of determination (R²) of approximately 0.95.
  • The prediction error for PMI was approximately 6 hours for intervals less than 1 day.
  • The developed models demonstrate high predictive accuracy comparable to or exceeding existing literature methods.

Conclusions:

  • The developed MALDI-MS based untargeted metabolomic approach provides a robust method for PMI estimation using vitreous humor.
  • The models show excellent predictive performance, particularly for early postmortem intervals.
  • This in vitro approach, optimized for VH, overcomes limitations of methods requiring validation in other biological matrices.