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Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells

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Endocrine dysfunction induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Natalia G Deligiannis¹, Soledad Sosa¹, Karina Danilowicz¹

¹División Endocrinología, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

|April 27, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPis) can cause endocrine toxicities like thyroid dysfunction and hypophysitis. Early diagnosis and management are crucial for patient survival and continued cancer treatment.

Keywords:

autoimmune diabetes hypophysitis hypothyroidism immune checkpoints inhibitors immune-related adverse events thyrotoxicosis

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Endocrinology
Immunology

Background:

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPis) are widely used for advanced cancers since 2011.
ICPis modulate immune responses for antitumor effects but can cause unique adverse events.
Monitoring for these side effects is essential for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

To review endocrine dysfunctions associated with ICPis.
To emphasize the importance of diagnosing and managing these adverse effects.
To provide an overview of immune-related endocrine toxicities.

Main Methods:

Literature review of endocrine dysfunctions induced by ICPis.
Analysis of diagnostic challenges and management strategies.
Synthesis of information on thyroid dysfunction, hypophysitis, type 1 diabetes, adrenal insufficiency, and hypoparathyroidism.

Main Results:

ICPi-induced endocrine toxicities include thyroid dysfunction, hypophysitis, type 1 diabetes, primary adrenal insufficiency, and hypoparathyroidism.
Diagnosis can be challenging due to nonspecific symptoms and biochemical evaluation difficulties.
These adverse events can be life-threatening if not managed.

Conclusions:

Effective replacement treatments are available for endocrine adverse events.
An interdisciplinary approach is vital for managing these toxicities.
Timely diagnosis and treatment positively impact patient survival and allow continued ICPi therapy.