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Therapeutic cancer vaccines
Mansi Saxena1,2,3, Sjoerd H van der Burg4, Cornelis J M Melief5
1Vaccine and Cell Therapy Laboratory, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Nature Reviews. Cancer
|April 28, 2021
Summary
Therapeutic cancer vaccines are advancing due to better antigen understanding and delivery. Overcoming tumor-induced immunosuppression is key to enhancing vaccine efficacy and patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Therapeutic cancer vaccines have seen renewed interest, driven by advances in understanding tumor antigens and immune responses.
- Improved vaccine design aims for tumor regression, eradicating residual disease, and establishing long-term immune memory.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review strategies for improving therapeutic cancer vaccines.
- To discuss challenges posed by tumor-induced immunosuppression and resistance.
- To explore novel vaccine platforms and combination therapies.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on therapeutic cancer vaccines.
- Analysis of tumor-associated antigens and immune responses.
- Exploration of novel vaccine delivery technologies and immunomodulatory approaches.
Main Results:
- Tumor-induced immunosuppression and immunoresistance remain significant hurdles for vaccine efficacy.
- Advances in antigen identification and delivery platforms offer improved vaccine design.
- Antigen-agnostic in situ vaccines represent a promising new direction.
Conclusions:
- Combining advanced vaccine platforms with immunomodulatory agents and standard treatments is crucial.
- Strategies to overcome tumor resistance are essential for enhancing clinical efficacy.
- Further research into overcoming immunosuppression will improve cancer vaccine success.
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