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Unusual Presentations of Abdominal Melioidosis

Vignesh Kumar Mohan1, Komalavalli Rajesh1, Sripriya Srinivas1

  • 1Department of Radiodiagnosis, Dr. Rela Institute and Medical Centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Journal of Global Infectious Diseases
|April 29, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Melioidosis, a bacterial infection from Burkholderia pseudomallei, presents unusually in abdominal cases. Early suspicion is key for diagnosing this high-mortality disease, especially in endemic regions.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Melioidosis is an endemic bacterial infection caused by *Burkholderia pseudomallei*, a soil saprophyte.
  • It affects immunocompromised adults and those with risk factors exposed to moist soil, carrying a significant mortality rate of 40%.

Observation:

  • Two unusual cases of abdominal melioidosis are presented.
  • Case 1: Isolated splenic melioidosis with contained rupture presenting with intractable hiccups.
  • Case 2: Pancreatic melioidosis and splenic vein thrombosis presenting with fever and acute abdominal pain.

Findings:

  • Both patients received intravenous antibiotics and improved symptomatically.
  • Imaging findings in isolated melioidosis can mimic other infections and granulomatous diseases.
  • A high index of clinical suspicion is crucial for patients from endemic areas.

Implications:

  • Recognizing unusual presentations of abdominal melioidosis is vital for timely diagnosis.
  • This can help differentiate melioidosis from other conditions, improving patient outcomes.
  • Awareness in endemic regions can reduce mortality associated with this severe infection.
Keywords:
Burkholderia infectionmelioidosissplenic abscess

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