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Rapid Hemostatic Biomaterial from a Natural Bath Sponge Skeleton
Qinghua Wang1, Jingwei Chen1, Dexiang Wang1,2,3
1Department of Marine Biological Science & Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
Marine Drugs
|April 30, 2021
Summary
Spongin, derived from bath sponges, acts as a potent hemostatic agent, significantly improving blood clotting and wound healing. These natural collagen-like materials show promise for treating severe bleeding and coagulation disorders.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Hemostasis Research
- Marine Biology
Background:
- Uncontrolled bleeding is a leading cause of trauma mortality.
- Collagen is a known hemostatic material due to its platelet-binding properties.
- Bath sponge skeletons contain spongin, a collagen-rich substance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the hemostatic efficacy of spongin-derived materials.
- To compare spongin materials against collagen and a commercial hemostat.
- To elucidate the mechanisms behind spongin's hemostatic activity.
Main Methods:
- Preparation of spongin materials (SX, SFM, SR) from *Spongia officinalis*.
- In vitro whole blood clotting time assays.
- In vivo hemostasis tests on rat tail amputation and rabbit carotid artery injury models.
- Biocompatibility and coagulation tests in platelet-deficient and defibrinated blood.
Main Results:
- Spongin materials (SX, SFM, SR) significantly reduced blood clotting time compared to type I collagen.
- SFM demonstrated superior hemostasis in rabbit carotid artery injury, with faster clotting and 100% survival rate versus 67% for CELOX-A.
- SFM exhibited effective coagulation in challenging blood conditions and showed good biocompatibility.
Conclusions:
- Spongin derivatives, particularly SFM, are effective hemostatic agents.
- Hyperabsorbency, platelet affinity, and high effective concentration contribute to SFM's hemostatic activity.
- Spongin-based materials hold potential for treating uncontrolled bleeding and hemorrhagic diseases.
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