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Ocular Surface Changes Associated with Ophthalmic Surgery.

Lina Mikalauskiene1, Andrzej Grzybowski2,3, Reda Zemaitiene1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44037 Kaunas, Lithuania.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|April 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Dry eye disease can worsen after ophthalmic surgeries like cataract surgery. Managing ocular surface dysfunction is key to improving patient satisfaction following these procedures.

Keywords:
cataract surgerydry eye diseaseocular surface dysfunctionphacoemulsificationrefractive surgerytrabeculectomyvitrectomy

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Ocular Surface Disease

Background:

  • Dry eye disease (DED) causes discomfort and visual issues, particularly in older adults.
  • Anterior segment ophthalmic surgeries can induce or exacerbate DED symptoms, impacting patient quality of life.
  • Ocular surface dysfunction significantly affects patient satisfaction, even with successful visual outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of anterior segment surgeries on ocular surface dysfunction.
  • To analyze the pathophysiology of dry eye disease in the context of ophthalmic surgery.
  • To identify factors contributing to ocular surface dysfunction severity post-surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of articles published between 2010 and 2021.
  • Keywords included "cataract surgery", "phacoemulsification", "refractive surgery", "trabeculectomy", "vitrectomy", "ocular surface dysfunction", and "dry eye disease".

Main Results:

  • Anterior segment surgery can induce or worsen dry eye disease, often temporarily.
  • Preoperative DED, surgical factors, and postoperative care influence the severity of ocular surface dysfunction.
  • Despite good visual results, compromised ocular surface health can reduce patient satisfaction.

Conclusions:

  • Ocular surface dysfunction is a significant concern following anterior segment ophthalmic surgery.
  • Addressing preoperative dry eye and optimizing perioperative management are crucial for patient satisfaction.
  • Further research into managing DED in surgical patients is warranted.