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Related Concept Videos

Ferrocement01:30

Ferrocement

459
Ferro-cement is a distinctive construction material that represents an innovative variant of reinforced concrete, characterized by its unique composition and the method by which it is formed. Unlike standard reinforced concrete, which relies on larger steel bars for reinforcement, ferro-cement utilizes densely packed layers of mesh or fine rods, fully encased in cement mortar. This composition allows for the creation of structures that are significantly thinner and more flexible than their...
459
Hydration of Cement01:24

Hydration of Cement

488
Hydration of cement is a chemical reaction between cement particles and water. This process occurs primarily through two mechanisms: through-solution and topochemical. In the through-solution process, anhydrous compounds dissolve into their constituents, hydrates form in the solution, and then precipitate from the supersaturated solution. The topochemical process involves solid-state reactions at the cement particle surface. The through-solution process dominates the topochemical process at the...
488
Aggregate Cement Ratio01:21

Aggregate Cement Ratio

396
The Aggregate Cement ratio refers to the weight of aggregate divided by the weight of cement in a concrete mix. Altering this ratio has profound effects on the concrete's properties. This ratio plays a pivotal role in determining the strength, workability, and durability of concrete. When the Aggregate Cement ratio is higher, the mix is leaner, meaning it has less cement paste to lubricate the aggregate, potentially making the concrete less workable. Such mixes, known as lean, enhance the...
396
Waterproofing and Anti-Bacterial Admixtures in Concrete01:22

Waterproofing and Anti-Bacterial Admixtures in Concrete

134
Concrete's susceptibility to water absorption is due to the capillary action within the pores of its hydrated cement paste. This action draws water in, creating the need for waterproofing admixtures to prevent such penetration. The efficacy of these admixtures is contingent upon the water pressure, with variations arising from different conditions such as rain, capillary rise, or hydrostatic pressure in structures intended to hold water.
Waterproofing admixtures render concrete hydrophobic,...
134
Types of Cement II01:22

Types of Cement II

230
Portland blast-furnace cement is made by blending Portland cement clinker with granulated blast-furnace slag, which accounts for 25 to 65 percent of the cement's weight. Despite its similarities to ordinary Portland (Type I) cement in terms of fineness and setting times, its early strength is lower, though it achieves comparable strength later on. It's particularly suited for mass concrete structures and marine environments due to its lower heat of hydration and superior sulfate...
230
Types of Cement I01:21

Types of Cement I

220
Portland cement comes in several types, each with distinct properties and applications based on their chemical composition and hydration characteristics:
Type I (Ordinary Portland Cement) is widely used for general construction where special properties are not required. It has moderate sulfate resistance and heat of hydration.
Type II (Modified Cement) offers moderate resistance to sulfate attack and a lower rate of heat development compared to Type I. It is suitable for structures in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 7, 2025

Production and Analysis of Sporosarcina pasteurii Biocement Bricks Using Custom 3D-Printed Molds for Unconfined Compression Tests
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Production and Analysis of Sporosarcina pasteurii Biocement Bricks Using Custom 3D-Printed Molds for Unconfined Compression Tests

Published on: March 7, 2025

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Bio-Cementation in Construction Materials: A Review.

Dawood Muhammad Iqbal1, Leong Sing Wong1, Sih Ying Kong2

  • 1College of Graduate Studies, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Malaysia.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bio-cementation offers a sustainable alternative to traditional construction materials, reducing environmental impact. This review explores microbiologically induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) as a green solution for construction engineering.

Keywords:
binderscarbon emissionsconstruction materialsmicrobiologically induced calcium carbonate precipitationurea hydrolysis

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Area of Science:

  • Construction Engineering
  • Environmental Science
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • The construction industry's reliance on raw materials leads to resource depletion and high energy consumption.
  • Traditional cement and brick production generate significant carbon emissions, contributing to global warming.
  • Bio-cementation presents an environmentally friendly approach to construction, mitigating climate change impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the recent trends in microbiologically induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) within construction engineering.
  • To provide a comprehensive understanding of microbial utilization for bio-cementation.
  • To highlight MICP as a sustainable alternative in construction.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on bio-cementation and MICP.
  • Analysis of the microbial mechanisms involved in calcium carbonate precipitation.
  • Examination of MICP applications in construction materials and crack repair.

Main Results:

  • Microbiologically induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) is driven by microbial urease activity, producing carbonate ions.
  • These ions react with calcium ions to form calcium carbonate, acting as a binder.
  • MICP has shown promise in crack repair and surface treatment of construction materials.

Conclusions:

  • MICP is a burgeoning trend in construction engineering for sustainable binder production.
  • Microbial bio-cementation offers a viable, eco-friendly solution for the construction sector.
  • Further research into MICP can advance green building technologies and reduce carbon footprints.